COVERAGE TITLE : FORESTRY COVERAGE CODE : 305 COVLIB STATUS: ENTERED SCALE : 1:250,000 CLASS. LENGTH: 40 S_FACTOR : 12 F_FACTOR : 5 6.3 COVERAGE - SOIL CAPABILITY FOR FORESTRY - 305 PL/1 DECLARATION (COVLIB ENTRY) 2 C300R /*125*/ 3 CLASS_A CHAR (1), 3 MODIFIER_A CHAR (1), 3 PERCENT_A CHAR (1), 3 SUBCLASS_A CHAR (3), 3 SPECIES_A1 CHAR (4), 3 SPECIES_A2 CHAR (4), 3 CLASS_B CHAR (1), 3 MODIFIER_B CHAR (1), 3 PERCENT_B CHAR (1), 3 SUBCLASS_B CHAR (2), 3 SPECIES_B1 CHAR (4), 3 SPECIES_B2 CHAR (4), 3 CLASS_C CHAR (1), 3 MODIFIER_C CHAR (1), 3 PERCENT_C CHAR (1), 3 SUBCLASS_C CHAR (2), 3 SPECIES_C1 CHAR (4), 3 SPECIES_C2 CHAR (4), 'R' = REGION NOTE: THIS COVERAGE HAS NO CAPABILITY IN WATER. VALID CLASSES 1. NO IMPORTANT LIMITATIONS, PRODUCTIVITY GREATER THAN 111 CUBIC FEET/ACRE/YEAR. 2. SLIGHT LIMITATIONS, PRODUCTIVITY OF 91 TO 110 CUBIC FEET/ACRE/YEAR. 3. MODERATE LIMITATIONS, PRODUCTIVITY OF 71 TO 90 CUBIC FEET/ACRE/YEAR. 4. MODERATELY SEVERE LIMITATIONS, PRODUCTIVITY OF 51 TO 70 CUBIC FEET/ACRE/YEAR. 5. SEVERE LIMITATIONS, PRODUCTIVELY OF 31 TO 50 CUBIC FEET/ACRE/YEAR. 6. VERY SEVERE LIMITATIONS, PRODUCTIVITY OF 11 TO 30 CUBIC FEET/ACRE/YEAR. 7. SEVERE LIMITATIONS PRECLUDING THE GROWTH OF COMMERCIAL FORESTS. 8. SEE NOTE ON SPECIAL CASES. VALID LIMITATION SUBCLASSES CLIMATE A - DROUGHT OR ARIDITY C - A COMBINATION OF CLIMATIC FACTORS H - LOW TEMPERATURES U - EXPOSURE SOIL MOISTURE M - MOISTURE DEFICIENCY W - EXCESSIVE MOISTURE X - A PATTERN OF M AND W TOO INTIMATELY ASSOCIATED TO MAP SEPARATELY Z - A PATTERN OF WET ORGANIC SOILS AND BEDROCK TOO INTIMATELY ASSOCIATED TO MAP SEPARATELY PERMEABILITY AND DEPTH OF ROOTING ZONE D - PHYSICAL RESTRICTION TO ROOTING OTHER THAN BEDROCK R - RESTRICTION TO ROOTING BY BEDROCK Y - INTIMATE PATTERN OF SHALLOWNESS AND COMPACTION OR OTHER RESTRICTING LAYERS. OTHER SOIL FACTORS E - ACTIVELY ERODING SOILS F - LOW FERTILITY I - SOILS PERIODICALLY INUNDATED BY STREAMS OR LAKES K - PRESENCE OF PERENNIALLY FROZEN MATERIAL L - EXCESSIVE CALCIUM LEVELS N - EXCESSIVE LEVELS OF TOXIC ELEMENTS P - EXCESSIVE STONINESS S - A COMBINATION OF SOIL FACTORS NOTE: IN THE SPECIAL CASE WHERE CLASS_A IS CODED AS'8', THE FIRST CHARACTER OF SUBCLASS_A MAY BE CODED AS FOLLOWS: BLANK UNMAPPED AREA Z WATER AREA T FOREST PARKS O NATIONAL PARKS B URBAN AREAS W PROVINCIAL PARKS NARRATIVE IN THIS CLASSIFICATION ALL MINERAL AND ORGANIC SOILS ARE GROUPED INTO ONE OF SEVEN CLASSES BASED UPON THEIR INHERENT ABILITY TO GROW COMMERCIAL TIMBER. THE BEST LANDS OF CANADA FOR COMMERCIAL TREE GROWTH WILL BE FOUND IN CLASS 1 AND THOSE IN CLASS 7 CANNOT BE EXPECTED TO YIELD TIMBER IN COMMERCIAL QUANTITIES; THESE REPRESENT THE EXTREMES, BECAUSE OF UNSUITABLE CLIMATE NO CLASS 1 LANDS WILL BE FOUND IN SEVERAL REGIONS OF CANADA SNF IN CERTAIN REGIONS THE CLASS 2 AREAS WILL BE TOO SMALL TO SHOW AT THE CHOSEN SCALES OF MAPPING. SOME OF THE IMPORTANT FACTORS ON WHICH THE CLASSIFICATION IS BASED ARE: ALL KNOWN OR INFERRED INFORMATION ABOUT THE AREA INCLUDING SUBSOIL, SOIL PROFILE, DEPTH MOISTURE, FERTILITY, LANDFORM, CLIMATE AND VEGETATION. ASSOCIATED WITH EACH CAPABILITY CLASS IS A PRODUCTIVITY RANGE BASED ON THE MEAN ANNUAL INCREMENT OF THE BEST SPECIES OF GROUP OF SPECIES ADAPTED TO THE SITE AT OR NEAR ROTATION AGE PRODUCTIVITY CLASSES ARE EXPRESSED IN GROSS MERCHANTABLE CUBIC FOOT VOLUME TO A MINIMUM DIAMETER OF FOUR INCHES. THINNINGS, BARK AND BRANCH WOOD ARE NOT INCLUDED. THE PRODUCTIVITY AS EXPRESSED IS THAT OF "NORMAL", I.E. FULLY-STOCKED STANDS. IT MAY BE ASSUMED THAT ONLY GOOD MANAGEMENT WOULD HAVE PRODUCED STANDS OF THIS NATURE. THE FOLLOWING ARE NOT CONSIDERED: LOCATION, ACCESS, DISTANCE TO MARKETS, SIZE OF UNITS, OWNERSHIP, PRESENT STATE OR SPECIAL CROPS SUCH AS CHRISTMAS TREES. THE CLASSES ARE BASED ON THE NATURAL STATE OF THE LAND WITHOUT IMPROVEMENTS SUCH AS FERTILIZATION, DRAINAGE OR AMELIORATION PRACTICES, IT IS REALIZED THAT WITH IMPROVED FOREST MANAGEMENT THE PRODUCTIVITY MAY CHANGE; TO THE EXTENT THAT THE LIMITATIONS SHOWN IN THE SUBSOIL MAY BE ALTERED, CLASS CHANGES MAY ALSO TAKE PLACE. HOWEVER, SIGNIFICANT CHANGES WILL ONLY BE ACHIEVED THROUGH COSTLY AND CONTINUING PRACTICES. CLASS DESCRIPTIONS CLASS 1 LANDS HAVING NO IMPORTANT LIMITATIONS TO THE GROWTH OF COMMERCIAL FORESTS. SOILS ARE DEEP, PERMEABLE, OF MEDIUM TEXTURE, MODERATELY WELL-DRAINED TO IMPERFECTLY DRAINED, HAVE GOOD WATER- HOLDING CAPACITY AND ARE NATURALLY HIGH IN FERTILITY. THEIR TOPOGRAPHIC POSITION IS SUCH THAT THEY FREQUENTLY RECEIVE SEEPAGE AND NUTRIENTS FROM ADJACENT AREAS. THEY ARE NOT SUBJECT TO EXTREMES OF TEMPERATURE OR EVAPO- TRANSPIRATION. PRODUCTIVITY WILL USUALLY BE GREATER THAN 111 CUBIC FEET PER ACRE PER YEAR. WHEN REQUIRE THIS CLASS MAY BE SUBDIVIDED ON THE BASIS OF PRODUCTIVITY INTO CLASSES: '1 ', (111 CUBIC FEET TO 130 CUBIC FEET); '1A', (131 CUBIC FEET TO 150 CUBIC FEET); '1B', (151 CUBIC FEET TO 170 CUBIC FEET); '1C', (171 CUBIC FEET TO 190 CUBIC FEET); '1D', (191 CUBIC FEET TO 210 CUBIC FEET); AND BY 20 CUBIC FOOT CLASSES THEREAFTER, AS NECESSARY, BY CODING THE APPROPRIATE ALPHABETIC CHARACTER IN THE MODIFIER POSITION. CLASS 2 LANDS HAVING SLIGHT LIMITATIONS TO THE GROWTH OF COMMERCIAL FOREST. SOILS ARE DEEP, WELL-DRAINED, TO MODERATELY WELL-DRAINED, OF MEDIUM TO FINE TEXTURE AND HAVE GOOD WATER-HOLDING CAPACITY. THE MOST COMMON LIMITATIONS (ALL OF A RELATIVELY SLIGHT NATURE) ARE: ADVERSE CLIMATE, SOIL MOISTURE DEFICIENCY, RESTRICTED ROOTING DEPTH, SOMEWHAT LOW FERTILITY, AND THE CUMULATIVE EFFECTS OF SEVERAL MINOR ADVERSE SOIL CHARACTERISTICS. PRODUCTIVITY WILL USUALLY BE FROM 91 TO 110 CUBIC FEET/ACRE/YEAR. CLASS 3 LANDS HAVING MODERATE LIMITATIONS TO THE GROWTH OF COMMERCIAL FORESTS. SOILS MAY BE DEEP TO SOMEWHAT SHALLOW, WELL TO IMPERFECTLY DRAINED, OF MEDIUM TO FINE TEXTURE WITH MODERATE TO GOOD WATER-HOLDING CAPACITY. THEY MAY BE SLIGHTLY LOW IN FERTILITY OR SUFFER FROM PERIODIC MOISTURE IMBALANCES. THE MOST COMMON LIMITATIONS ARE: ADVERSE CLIMATE, RESTRICTED ROOTING DEPTH, MODERATE DEFICIENCY OR EXCESS OF SOIL MOISTURE, SOMEWHAT LOW FERTILITY, IMPEDE SOIL DRAINAGE, EXPOSURE (IN MARITIME AREAS) AND OCCASIONAL INUNDATION. PRODUCTIVITY WILL USUALLY BE FROM 71 TO 90 CUBIC FEET/ACRE/YEAR. CLASS 4 LANDS HAVING MODERATELY SEVERE LIMITATIONS TO THE GROWTH OF COMMERCIAL FOREST. SOILS MAY VARY FROM DEEP TO MODERATELY SHALLOW, FROM EXCESSIVE THROUGH IMPERFECT TO POOR DRAINAGE, FROM COARSE THROUGH FINE TEXTURE, FROM GOOD TO POOR MOISTURE HOLDING CAPACITY, FROM GOOD TO POOR STRUCTURE AND FROM GOOD TO LOW NATURAL FERTILITY. THE MOST COMMON LIMITATIONS ARE: MOISTURE DEFICIENCY OR EXCESS, ADVERSE CLIMATE, RESTRICTED ROOTING DEPTH, POOR STRUCTURE, EXCESSIVE CARBONATES, EXPOSURE, OR LOW FERTILITY. PRODUCTIVITY WILL USUALLY BE FROM 51 TO 70 CUBIC FEET/ACRE/ YEAR. CLASS 5 LANDS HAVING SEVERE LIMITATIONS TO THE GROWTH OF COMMERCIAL FORESTS. SOILS ARE FREQUENTLY SHALLOW TO BEDROCK, STONEY, EXCESSIVELY OR POORLY DRAINED, OF COARSE OR FINE TEXTURE, MAY HAVE POOR MOISTURE HOLDING CAPACITY AND MAY BE LOW IN NATURAL FERTILITY. THE MOST COMMON LIMITATIONS (OFTEN IN COMBINATION: ARE: MOISTURE DEFICIENCY OR EXCESS, SHALLOWNESS TO BEDROCK, ADVERSE REGIONAL OR LOCAL CLIMATE, LOW NATURAL FERTILITY, EXPOSURE PARTICULARLY IN MARITIME AREAS, EXCESSIVE STONINESS AND HIGH LEVELS OF CARBONATES. PRODUCTIVITY WILL USUALLY BE FROM 31 TO 50 CUBIC FEET PER ACRE PER YEAR. CLASS 6 LANDS HAVING SEVERE LIMITATIONS TO THE GROWTH OF COMMERCIAL FORESTS. THE MINERAL SOILS ARE FREQUENTLY SHALLOW, STONEY, EXCESSIVELY DRAINED, OF COARSE TEXTURE AND LOW IN FERTILITY. A LARGE PERCENTAGE OF THE LAND IN THIS CLASS IS COMPOSED OF POORLY DRAINED ORGANIC SOILS. THE MOST COMMON LIMITATIONS (FREQUENTLY IN COMBINATION) ARE: SHALLOWNESS TO BEDROCK, DEFICIENCY OR EXCESS OF SOIL MOISTURE, HIGH LEVELS OF SOLUBLE SALTS, LOW NATURAL FERTILITY, EXPOSURE, INUNDATION AND STONINESS. PRODUCTIVITY WILL USUALLY BE FROM 11 TO 30 CUBIC FEET/ ACRE PER YEAR. CLASS 7 LANDS HAVING SEVERE LIMITATIONS WHICH PRECLUDE THE GROWTH OF COMMERCIAL FORESTS. MINERAL SOILS ARE USUALLY EXTREMELY SHALLOW TO BEDROCK, SUBJECT TO REGULAR FLOODING, OR CONTAIN TOXIC LEVELS OF SOLUBLE SALTS. ACTIVELY ERODING OR EXTREMELY DRY SOILS MAY ALSO BE PLACED IN THIS CLASS. A LARGE PERCENTAGE OF THE LAND IS VERY POORLY DRAINED ORGANIC SOILS. THE MOST COMMON LIMITATIONS ARE: SHALLOWNESS TO BEDROCK, EXCESSIVE SOIL MOISTURE, FREQUENT INUNDATION, ACTIVE EROSION, TOXIC LEVELS OF SOLUBLE SALTS, AND EXTREMES OF CLIMATE OR EXPOSURE. PRODUCTIVITY WILL USUALLY BE LESS THAN 10 CUBIC FEET PER ACRE PER YEAR. SUBCLASS DESCRIPTIONS CLIMATE DENOTES A SIGNIFICANT ADVERSE DEPARTURE FROM WHAT IS CONSIDERED THE MEDIAN CLIMATE OF THE REGION, THAT IS, A LIMITATION AS A RESULT OF LOCAL CLIMATE; ADVERSE REGIONAL CLIMATE WILL BE EXPRESSED BY THE CLASS LEVEL. A DROUGHTY OR ARID CONDITIONS AS A RESULT OF CLIMATE. C A COMBINATION OF MORE THAN ONE CLIMATIC FACTOR OR WHEN IT IS NOT POSSIBLE TO DECIDE WHICH OF TWO OR MORE FEATURES OF CLIMATE IS SIGNIFICANT. H LOW TEMPERATURES, THAT IS TOO COLD. U EXPOSURE. SOIL MOISTURE DENOTES A SOIL MOISTURE CONDITION LESS THAN OPTIMUM FOR THE GROWTH OF COMMERCIAL FORESTS BUT NOT INCLUDING INUNDATION. M SOIL MOISTURE DEFICIENCY. W SOIL MOISTURE EXCESS. X A PATTERN OF 'M' AND 'W' TOO INTIMATELY ASSOCIATED TO MAP SEPARATELY. Z A PATTERN OF WET ORGANIC SOILS AND BEDROCK TOO INTIMATELY ASSOCIATED TO MAP SEPARATELY. PERMEABILITY AND DEPTH OF ROOTING ZONE DENOTES LIMITATIONS OF SOIL PERMEABILITY OR PHYSICAL LIMITATION TO ROOTING DEPTH. D PHYSICAL RESTRICTION TO ROOTING BY DENSE OR CONSOLIDATED LAYERS, OTHER THAN BEDROCK. R RESTRICTION OF ROOTING ZONE BY BEDROCK. Y INTIMATE PATTERN OF SHALLOWNESS AND COMPACTION OR OTHER RESTRICTING LAYERS. OTHER SOIL FACTORS DENOTES FACTORS OF THE SOIL WHICH, INDIVIDUALLY OR IN COMBINATION, ADVERSELY AFFECT GROWTH. E ACTIVELY ERODING SOILS. F LOW FERTILITY. I SOILS PERIODICALLY INUNDATED BY STREAMS OR LAKES. K PRESENCE OF PERENNIALLY FROZEN MATERIAL. L NUTRITIONAL PROBLEMS ASSOCIATED WITH HIGH LEVELS OF CARBONATES. N EXCESSIVE LEVELS OF TOXIC ELEMENTS SUCH AS SOLUBLE SALTS. P STONINESS WHICH AFFECTS FOREST DENSITY OR GROWTH. S A COMBINATION OF SOIL FACTORS, NONE OF WHICH, BY THEMSELVES WOULD AFFECT THE CLASS LEVEL BUT CUMULATIVELY LOWER THE CAPABILITY CLASS. EXAMPLES THE FOLLOWING ARE ILLUSTRATIONS OF SYMBOLS WHICH WILL BE USED TO DENOTE THE CLASSES, SUBCLASSES, RATIOS AND INDICATOR SPECIES FOR ALL MAPS. A) SINGLE CLASS WITH NO SUBCLASS AND ONE INDICATOR SPECIES: 1*****RP B) SINGLE CLASS WITH NO SUBCLASS AND TWO INDICATOR SPECIES: 1*****RP**WP C) SINGLE CLASS WITH ONE SUBCLASS AND ONE INDICATOR SPECIES: 3**M**RP D) SINGLE CLASS WITH TWO SUBCLASSES AND TWO INDICATOR SPECIES: 3**RM*P***WP E) SINGLE CLASS WITH TWO SUBCLASSES AFFECTING DIFFERENT PARTS OF THE AREA AND FOR WHICH DIFFERENT SPECIES WILL YIELD THE MAXIMUM COMMERCIAL VALUE: 4*6R**P*******4*4W*WS F) A COMPLEX OF TWO CLASSES, ONE OCCUPYING 60 PERCENT OF THE AREA AND THE OTHER OCCUPYING 40 PERCENT OF THE AREA WITH SUBCLASSES AND INDICATOR SPECIES: 3*6R**P*******4*4*4RMWS G) A COMPLEX OF THREE CLASSES WITH VARIOUS COMBINATIONS OF SUBCLASSES AND INDICATOR SPECIES: 4*6RM*WS*****2*2F*RP***6*2W*BS NOTE: ALL ASTERISKS (*) REPRESENT BLANKS. THE FOLLOWING POINTS SHOULD BE NOTED: 1. FOR CLASS 1 NO SUBCLASSES WILL BE SHOWN. WHEN THE HIGHEST CAPABILITY CLASS ON THE MAP SHEET DOES NOT SHOW SUBCLASSES, REGIONAL CLIMATE WILL BE ASSUMED AS THE LIMITATION. 2. A COMPLEX MAY CONSIST OF TWO OR EVEN THREE OCCURRENCES OF THE SAME CLASS WHEN THE SUBCLASSES OR INDICATOR SPECIES ARE CHANGED. 3. IN A COMPLEX, CAPABILITY CLASSES WILL BE SHOWN IN THE ORDER OF THEIR RELATIVE PROPORTION IN THE UNIT; THE CAPABILITY CLASS OCCUPYING THE GREATEST PERCENTAGE OF THE AREA OF THE UNIT WILL APPEAR FIRST AND SO ON. 4. THE SYMBOL WILL CONSIST OF: A) A CAPABILITY CLASS FROM 1 TO 7 B) A MAXIMUM OF 3 SUBCLASSES BUT GENERALLY NOT MORE THAN 2; IN A COMPLEX A MAXIMUM OF 2 SUBCLASSES WITH EACH SEPARATE CLASS; C) A MAXIMUM OF 2 INDICATOR SPECIES WITH EACH CAPABILITY CLASS; AT THE 1:250,000 SCALE GENERALLY NO MORE THAN ONE SPECIES SHOULD BE SHOWN WITH EACH CLASS OF A COMPLEX; D) A MAXIMUM OF 3 CLASSES IN A COMPLEX, BUT GENERALLY NOT MORE THAN 2, AND, E) THE PROPORTION OF EACH CLASS OF A COMPLEX TO THE NEAREST 10 PERCENT. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION SEE 'THE CANADA LAND INVENTORY, LAND CAPABILITY CLASSIFICATION FOR FORESTRY', REPORT NO. 4, 1970. A LIST OF SPECIES CODES FOLLOWS. CODE SPECIES A ASPEN A1 ALDER mAl MOUNTAIN ALDER rAl RED ALDER sAl SITKA ALER spAl SPECKLED ALER wAl WHITE ALDER Ap APPLE pAp PACIFIC CRAB APPLE sAp SWEET CRAB APPLE wAp WILD CRAB APPLE Ar ARBUTUS As ASH bAs BLACK ASH blAs BLUE ASH gAs GREEN ASH nAs NORTHERN RED ASH rAs RED ASH wAs WHITE ASH B BIRCH bB BLUELEAF BIRCH sB SWEET BIRCH wB WHITE BIRCH awB ALASKA WHITE BIRCH gwB GASPE WHITE BIRCH lwB LARGE-FRUITED WHITE BIRCH mwB MOUNTAIN WHITE BIRCH nwB NORTHWESTERN WHITE BIRCH wwB WESTERN WHITE BIRCH wewB WEEPING WHITE BIRCH waB WATER BIRCH wiB WIRE BIRCH yB YELLOW BIRCH yuB YUKON BIRCH Ba BASSWOOD Be BEECH Bl BLUE-BEECH Bu BUTTERNUT C CEDAR eC EASTERN WHITE CEDAR wC WESTERN RED CEDAR yC YELLOW CEDAR Ch CHERRY bCh BLACK CHERRY biCh BITTER CHERRY cCh CHOKE CHERRY ecCh EASTERN CHOKE CHERRY wcCh WESTERN CHOKE CHERRY bcCh BLAACK CHOKE CHERRY pCh PIN CHERRY Che CHESTNUT Co COTTONWOOD Cof COFFEE-TREE Cu CUCUMBER-TREE D DOUGLAS FIR bD BLUE DOUGLAS FIR Do DOGWOOD aDp ALTERNATE-LEAF DOGWOOD eDo EASTERN FLOWERING DOGWOOD rDo ROUGHLEAF DOGWOOD wDo WESTERN FLOWERING DOGWOOD E ELM rE ROCK ELM sE SLIPPERY ELM wE WHITE ELM El ELDER F FIR aF AMANBILIS FIR alF ALPINE FIR bF BALSAM FIR brF BBRACTED BALSAM FIR gF GRAND FIR G GUM H HEMLOCK eH EASTERN HEMLOCK mH MOUNTAIN HEMLOCK wH WESTERN HEMLOCK Ha HACKBERRY Haw HAWTHORN bHaw BLACK HAWTHORN cHaw COLUMBIA HAWTHORN rHaw ROUNDLEAF HAWTHORN Hi HICKORY aHi ASHLEAF SHAGBARK HICKORY bHi BITTERNUT HICKORY mHi MOCKERNUT HICKORY miHi MICHIGAN RED HICKORY pHi PIGNUT HICKORY rHi ROUNDNUT RED HICKORY sHi SHAGBARK HICKORY shHi SHELLBARK HICKORY Ho HOP-TREE Hon HONEY-LOCUST I IRONWOOD J JUNIPER rJ RED JUNIPER roJ ROCKY MOUNTAIN JUNIPER L LARCH AND TAMARACK aL ALPINE LARCH tL TAMARACK wL WESTERN LARCH Lo BLACK LOCUST M MAPLE bM BROADLEAF MAPLE blM BLACK MAPLE dM DOUGLAS MAPLE mM MANITOBA MAPLE moM MOUNTAIN MAPLE rM RED MAPLE sM SUGAR MAPLE siM SILVER MAPLE stM STRIPED MAPLE vM VINE MAPLE Mo MOUNTAIN ASH aMo AMERICAN MOUNTAIN ASH sMo SHOWY MOUNTAIN ASH Mu MULBERRY O OAK bO BUR OAK blO BLACK OAK cO CHESTNUT OAK chO CHINQUAPIN OAK gO GARRY OAK nO NORHTERN PIN OAK rO RED OAK sO SWAMP WHITE OAK scO SCARLET OAK wO WHITE OAK P PINE jP JACK PINE lP LODGEPOLE PINE liP LIMBER PINE pP PONDEROSA PINE piP PITCH PINE rP RED PINE sP SHORE PINE scP SCOTS PINE wP WHITE PINE ewP EASTERN WHITE PINE wwP WESTERN WHITE PINE whP WHITEBARK PINE Pa PAPAW Pl PLUM cPl CANADA PLUM wPl WILD PLUM Po POPLARS IN GENERAL A ASPEN lA LARGETOOTH ASPEN tA TREMBLING ASPEN Co COTTONWOOD bCo BLACK COTTONWOOD eCo EASTERN COTTONWOOD lCo LANCELEAF COTTONWOOD nCo NARROWLEAF COTTONWOOD pCo PLAINS COTTONWOOD Po bPo BALSAM POPLAR cPo CAROLINA POPLAR gPo GRAY POPLAR giPo GILEAD POPLAR lPo LOMBARDY POPLAR sPo SILVER POPLAR R REDBUD S SPRUCE bS BLACK SPRUCE eS ENGELMANN SPRUCE nS NORWAY SPRUCE rS RED SPRUCE sS SITKA SPRUCE wS WHITE SPRUCE weS WESTERN WHITE SPRUCE Sa SASSAFRAS Se SERVICEBERRY, SASKATOON, JUNEBERRY aDe ALLEGHENY SERVICEBERRY dSe DOWNY SERVICEBERRY pSe PACIFIC SERVICEBERRY rSe ROUNDLEAF JUNEBERRY sSe SASKATOON Su SUMAC Sy SYCAMORE T TULIP-TREE W WILLOW bW BLACK WILLOW baW BALSAM WILLOW beW BEBB WILLOW cW COYOTE WILLOW coW COULTER WILLOW dW DUSKY WILLOW fW FELTLEAF WILLOW hW HOOKER WILLOW nW NORTHEWESTERN WILLOW pW PEACHLEAF WILLOW paW PACIFIC WILLOW puW PUSSY WILLOW sW SHINING WILLOW saW SANDBAR WILLOW scW SCOULER WILLOW seW SERVICEBERRY WILLOW siW SILKY WILLOW sitW SITKA WILLOW wW WHIPLASH WILLOW yW YELLOW WILLOW Wa WALNUT Wi WITCH-HAZEL Y YEW X SPECIES WHICH DO NOT WARRANT DIFFEREN- TIATION FOR THE PURPOSE AT HAND. sX UNDIFFERENTIATED SOFTWOOD SPECIES hX UNDIFFERENTIATED HARDWOOD SPECIES NOTE: FOR COMPUTER INPUT, ALL SPECIES CODES WILL BE COMPRISED ENTIRELY OF CAPITAL LETERS AND WILL BE LEFT JUSTIFIED WITHIN THE 4-CHARACTER SPECIES FIELD. FOR EXAMPLE, SILVER MAPLE (siM) WILL BE CODED AS 'SIM'. AS A CONSEQUENCE TO USING ONLY ONLY CAPITAL LETTERS, SEVERAL INSTANCES ARISE WHERE TWO DIFFERENT CODES BECOME INDISTINGUISHABLE. THESE CASES ARE: 1. ALDER (Al) AND ALPINE LARCH (aL) BECOME 'AL'. 2. CHESTNUT OAK (cO) AND COTTONWOOD (Co) BECOME 'CO'. 3. PIN OAK (pO) AND POPLARS IN GENERAL (Po) BECOME 'PO'. 4. SLIPPERY ELM (sE) AND SERVICEBERRY (Se) BECOME 'SE'.