GeoGratis
 
Classification Methodology
Land Use Class Description
Subclasses

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Land Use -
Water Built-up Recreation Quarries, Mines .. Intensive culti. Cropland Impr. pasture.. Rough grazing.. Woodland prod. Woodl. Non-prod. Wetlands Barren

 
Overview of Classification Methodology
For Determining Land
 

The Canada Land Inventory land use classification divided the land into a maximum of 13 classes, based on air photo interpretation, field surveys, and census information. The land use information was originally compiled on maps at a scale of 1:50,000. This information was later generalized to a scale of 1:250,000 and land use classes were combined where necessary to facilitate the input of information to the computerized Geographic Information System. Only a handful of maps were selected for publication from that series of 1:250,000 maps.

  The land use information is valid only for the year in which the air photos were taken or the area was field checked. As evidenced on the few printed maps (Montreal, Truro,Woodstock,Winnipeg and Prince Edward Island), this date varies from 1950 to 1970. Moreover, the date for one map sheet can vary as it is made up of sixteen 1:50,000 sub-components which themselves could have had variable dates. The average date of the inventory as a whole may be considered as 1966 but there is as yet no supportive evidence to this assumption. It may also be considered as 1961 vintage based on the evidence that the 1961 census was utilized the separate cropland from improved pasture.

  Some of the stated limits of the classification include:

 

  • The mapping does not reveal the socioeconomic factors intimately related to use of the land, such as size of farm unit or type of land tenure.
  • The mapping does not reflect degrees of productivity within classes.
  • The mapping does not reveal land capability.
  • The last four categories (productive woodland, unproductive woodland, swamps-marsh-or-bog, and unproductive land) are not 'use' classes, but rather refer to vegetative cover. 
  • The separation of cropland and improved pasture was very difficult on air photos, particularly where field sizes were small. In most cases the ratio of cropland to improved pasture was determined from the 1961 census. In areas where extensive field work was carried out, such as in Quebec, partial separation was done. In the Prairie Provinces these classes were mapped separately using air photos. 
  • The information has gone through two stages of generalization. First, the information was generalized during air photo interpretation to fit the classification and the minimum size requirements of the 1:50,000 maps. This information at the 1:50,000 scale to fit the size requirements and the maximum of three land use classes per unit area for the 1:250,000 map.

      The stated potential uses for these maps included:

    1. as an information document for regional planning; for this, it is best used along with the land capability map series produced by the Canada Land Inventory. 
    2. as a historical document presenting the use of the land at a particular point in time. 
    3. as an educational tool in schools and universities 

  •  
    Land Use Class Descriptions
     
    Class
    Title
    Description
    B
    Built-up areas
    Parks and other open spaces within built-up areas are included.
    E
    Mines, quarries, sand, gravel pits, and open excavations
    Indicates land used for the removal of earth materials.
    O
    Outdoor recreation
    Some examples include golf course, parks, beaches, game preserves, and historic sites.
    H
    Horticulture, poultry, and fur operations
    Land used for intensive cultivation of vegetables and small fruits, includes market gardens, nurseries, flower and bulb farms and sob farms.  Large scale commercial fur and poultry farms are also included because of their specialized agricultural nature.
    G
    Orchards and vineyards
    Land used for the production of tree fruits, hops, and grapes.
    A
    Cropland
    Land used for annual field crops such as grain, oilseeds, sugar beets, tobacco, potatoes, field vegetables, associated fallow, and land being cleared for field crops.
    P
    Improved pasture and forage crops
    Land used for improved pasture or for the production of hay and other cultivated fodder crops, including land being cleared for these purposes.
    K
    Rough grazing and rangeland
    Areas of natural grasslands, sedges, herbaceous plants and abandoned farmland whether used for grazing or not.  Bushes and trees may cover up to 25% of the areas.  Intermittently wet hay lands (sloughs or meadows) are included as long as the land is utilized.  Within some grassy open woodlands, bushes and trees may exceed 25% cover if the area is actively grazed and no other use dominates.
    T
    Productive woodland
    Wooded land with trees having over 25% canopy cover and being over 20 feet in height approximately.  Much cutover and burned over land is included.
    U
    Non-productive woodland
     
    M
    Swamp, marsh, or bog
    Open wetlands except those which frequently dry up and show evidence of grazing or hay cutting.
    S
    Sand, sand bars, sand flats, dunes, and beaches
    Unproductive land which does not support vegetation.
    L
    Rock and other unvegetated surfaces
    Rock barrens, badlands, alkaline flats, gravel bars, eroded river banks, and mine tailings.  Unproductive land which does not support vegetation.
    Z
    Water area
     

     

    Subclasses

    There are two major categories of subclasses. These subclasses are only valid in conjunction with land use classes for 'Cropland' (A) and ' Improved pasture and forage crops' (P).  

    Class

    Subclass

    Description

    A

    BLANK

    95.0% - 100.0% Cropland

    A

    1

    75.0% - 94.9% Cropland

    A

    2

    50.0% - 74.9% Cropland

    P

    BLANK

    95.0% - 100.0% Improved pasture and forage crops

    P

    1

    75.0% - 94.9% Improved pasture and forage crops

    P

    2

    50.0% - 74.9% Improved pasture and forage crops